Styles of Communication and Conflict Resolution Research Paper

Styles of Communication and Conflict Resolution - Research Paper Example To avert conflicts and optimize on their potential to deal with the problematic situations in the best possible manner in an organizational setting, it is imperative that both managers and team members are aware of the various styles of communication. The fundamental requisite of avoidance of conflicts everywhere in general and workplace in particular is to have empathy for the other people’s perspectives. People who believe that they are neither superior nor inferior to their colleagues at the workplace are able to keep their interactions free of negative influences. This paper explores different styles of communication and discusses the secrets of effective communication which is the fundamental prerequisite of conflict resolution. Continuums of Communication Styles According to M. R. Hammer, there are two continuums along which the communication styles about conflict lie. The first continuum is about the way people express their disagreements. In the indirect style, people tend to give other people clues about their opinions, and try to elaborate them with the help of metaphors or stories. This is called as the indirect style. The direct style lies at the opposite end of the very continuum. In the direct style, people overtly express their views so that the other person exactly knows what the point of concern is. There is a lot of difference between the body language of the direct and the indirect speaker (Hammer, 2005). While the indirect speaker tends to make use of subtle messages, the direct speaker confronts the other person by looking into the eyes. The second continuum is the continuum of expressiveness. Certain people express their emotions very overtly. These people are known as extroverted. They have very expressive faces as well as body language. People that lie at the opposite end of the continuum of expressiveness generally remain quiet, and are very introverted. They are very reserved, and do not feel comfortable or like to share their v iews with others, particularly to an unfamiliar group of people. Styles of Communication There are several styles of communication (CEDA, n.d.) which include but are not limited to accommodation style, discussion style, dynamic style, and engagement style. The different styles of communication emerge from different combinations of the levels of disagreement and expressiveness. They are discussed below: Accommodation Style People who have the accommodation style of communication are generally introverted, and want to control their emotions. They make effort to save the relationship from being tarnished by conflicts by using metaphors and such other techniques. Discussion Style People having a discussion style of communication generally control their emotions, but do convey their disagreement to the other person in clear words and understandable manner. To add weight to their opinions, they make use of objective facts. Dynamic Style People that have a dynamic style of communication op enly express their distress, though they tend not to talk about the underlying cause of distress overtly. The argument structure in the dynamic style of communication is associative, and mediators are required to facilitate the discussion. Engagement Style People that have an engagement style of communication express their feelings freely. Passion reflects in their

How technology has affected history Research Paper

How technology has affected history - Research Paper Example Lives have been saved, businesses grow, environment is taken care of and everything seems to progress with the aide of technology. In particular, the recent breakthroughs in computers and internet have allowed people to connect to anybody anytime and anywhere despite of the distance geographically. Barriers have been overcome by the technology and people are able to enjoy the benefits. Despite of the benefits from technology, some downfalls are seen by scientists and other professionals throughout history. Those may pose hazard to the environment, human health, education, morals and many more. There are many factors involved in those negative consequences of using technology but those are not signs of the end of the world. They may signal the need for change, innovation and further studies to create new solutions to the spurring problems and challenges for the betterment of the world towards sustainability. As technology has been noted in the preceding paragraphs, reflecting upon the changes as it passes through the history may give a clear picture and understanding to the readers regarding the importance and impact of technology to human existence. History has been divided into different eras and for the study, three eras would be mentioned and discussed: Renaissance Era, Industrial Revolution Era, and Atomic Era. Each era would be provided with introductions and the technologies used for each. Afterwards, the advantages and disadvantages of the technology for each era would be analyzed and compared and contrasted to other technology from other eras. Renaissance started since the time of the High Middle Ages wherein various improvements happened in terms of the economy, society, politics and intellects. Its roots came from the Renaissance of the 12th century which was considered to be the developments to sprout at the latter part of the Middle Ages. It became the avenue for the advancement in arts, literature and science although scientific developments occurr ed at the latter part of Renaissance.1 Renaissance originally means rebirth and it was a cultural movement that spanned from the 14th century to 17th century and became a wide-scale movement throughout Europe. It had produced the paper and type sped that allowed quicker dissemination of knowledge but still some nations in Europe had not experienced its boom equally. In terms of literature, it developed the Latin literature across the Western continent and the popularity was attributed to Petrarch. In particular, he had made linear perspective and other artistic techniques together with the reformation of education.2 The developments had given way to the practices in the Modern Era such as the conventions in politics through diplomacy and the importance of observation that became the primary tool for science. Renaissance had also catered to the developments of the polymaths who were considered to be geniuses in various fields of knowledge and abilities like Michelangelo and Leonardo da Vinci. They were known as Renaissance man as being such is attributed to the name of the era. Various issues had been laid down with the concept of the polymaths and even with the name Renaissance and its very existence.3 Some viewed Renaissance as just a part of the former eras with high respect for classical ages as culture and arts flourished. Nostalgia